Internal-combustion engine



G. L. BADGER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patented Mar. 16,1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET APPLICATION FILED JAN. 4,1915. 1,334,010.

611m WW7 1 G. L. BADGER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 4, 1915.

1,334,() 1 O Patented Mar. 16, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET Z- in LS Q \g (3 @g Q J I H Q X T WP way WZIW/ WW/TW V c o a a R L\ army/WA z G. L. BADGER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED lAN.4,1915.

Patented Mar, 16, 1920.

OOODOQOODQOOOOQOO Inveiz i02 gel-Badge? VVi-lneses I I w I f; iii-12: 8.

G. L. BADGER.

INTERNAL .COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-4,1915- Patented Mar. 16,1920

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4- all 3 3 m w mm ww lwmy w I, :52

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Wheaties. am? awe/M72 G. L. BADGER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

I APPLICATION FILED JAN. 4, 1915.

0. Patented Mai. 16, 1920.

5 SHEETSSHEET s.

Inven'lbr 6209617.

GEORGE- L. BADGER, OF QUINCY, MnssAoHUsE'r'r-sz mT'ERNAncorirBUsTIoN ENGINE?- T aZ'Zw h-om it mwy concern-1 -Be* it known that- L'Gnoneri' L. Brine nu; a" cir-izenof th'e Uinited States-,and az residen't of Quincy, Massachusetts, have invented'a-n Improvement in Interna 'l Combustion Enn'es, of 5 which: the following description, in connection with the accompanying". dra wdrawings representingilike parts.- 1

This: invention relates to internal corn'bu's tion engines and amongother obje'cts' -a'ims te'prori'de a stro11g,.siniple, compact con struction witirhigh elliclency.

The character of tho' invention may be best 11 n-derstoodbv reference to the following de scription ofan illustratiwe embodiment thereof shown in tl1GfiCGOl11p111y1 IYgdraw ings,-Wliere1n:

Figure 1 isa vertical section through an illustrative engine shown herehr'as enibodyii1g tl1e invention Fig.2 is a vertical section taken on broken line of-Figx 1; t g

l "*-ig:-i "'is'-'a vertical section taken on line Fig.4 is a horizontal section 'taken oni line Fig. 5-is a horizontal section takenoirline ofFig. 3;

Fig.6 is'an'en'd elevation of the' engine shown in Fig. 1 and discloses in vertical section apump mechanism for feeding fuel to he engine;

Fig. 7 is a plan of-a sprayingnozzlefor '7 delivermg fuel to the-engine;

Fig. 8 is a llOI'lZOIltfil-SBCCIOIItaken-01111118 88 hf Figs 1; v t

Figs. 9, 10 11 andlQona reduced scale are views showing the: positions of the 'pis tons and valves relative tothewparts ofitlie cylinder during different eventsin thecycle; and

Fig. 13 a section through. a canr to: be referred to. r The invention is shown herein for purposes of illustration as applied to a two.-

cvcle engine although it will be apparent that sonic of its features are applicable to four-cycleengines.

Referring to the drawings, the invention there shown comprises four cylinders although the number of cylinders may be varied desired." Since: the'cylinders and theineclianism contained therein are s milar a description: of one-'will suffice 'for all;

Application filed Januar 4, 1915: serial no; 455i lower portion forniing a'conipression charm .ber A piston 7 is rovrdedhawnggair 111958 is a specification, like-characterson the- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented l\I 3 .16 ;1.920

, Refer-ringmereqm-tieuierly'to Fig; 1-'=,- 1*1 desi'gna' tes ia cylinder-having an upper poition forming a combustion chamber- 3*an'd" a) upper portion -9- formed -to fi t the coin-bus tio'n E chaniber and al'oiver portion 11 formed to fit the co1npre"ssion'- chamber: T'lre piston: is connected by a rod l3 witlrarcrank'l 5 on a" shaft =17 journadedin suitable beari -gjs-in a"; ca'si g '19 and extending the length of'the' casing; I v

The wall o f the" cylinder is provided with an air inlet port21perinitting the intred uc: tion of air into the com ression chamber and a port permittingth'e discharge of compressed air frorr'r "-'so id chamber? It 1 is also provided with a port 25 permitting the admission of compressed air intorthe combustioii I chamber 3 and a 'port 27 permitting? the exhaust of the burnt gases 'fronr said combustion chamber."

Having described the general construction?- or' the cylinderspistons airdtheir-ports; next will be described the valves for-"controlling thepassage of fluid through saidport'sz' To a econ ipl ish this a. valve easing- 29 is'prOVi'detl extending along one-side I of the engine and? conwniently formed integral with the cast' ing containing the" cylinders. This valve casing is formed to present-sixcylinders 31 (Figs; 4a and 5) in groups ofth-ree with each group opposite a'pairoi cylinders '1. These cylinders contain slide valvesrfor controlling the passage of fluid" through-- the cylinder" ports and since"the -jgroupsare similar a de 1 scription of onewill 'suflice'f'or both.- In-th'e outer cylinders. of a group. are mounted main tubular or piston valves and between thenr isnn auxiliary 'tubularval V-e 35 Eachmain 1 tubular valve is provided with fluid controlling passages typ'ifi'ed herein cir cuin ferential groovesorrecesses including" a groove -87 (Fig. 2) for controlling the- 2rd mission of air to the inlet'iport 21'lead ing-t0 ]100 the compression chamber: acircuinferentialfl groox e 39 for controlling-thedischargeot compressed air fromsaid charnber through with packing rings 45 distributed at suitable.

ing and closing of the ports for the cylin ders, each is provided with an ear47 (Fig. 1) connected by a rod 49 with a crank 51 on a shaft 53 journaled in suitable bearings in a closed casing located beneath the valve casing and at one side of the crank shaft casing 19 and secured thereto. The crank for one of the nain valves of a group is set on its shaft 180 from the crank for the other main valve of said group. The valve shaft 53 is turned one complete revolution for each complete revolution of the main shaft 17. To accomplish this a sprocket wheel 57 is mounted fast on an end of the main shaft 17 projecting beyond the'casing l9 and iscone nected by a sprocket chain 59 with a sprocket wheel 61 fast on an end of the valve shaft 53 projecting from the casing 55. The pistons of the two cylinders cooperatingowith this giniu) of valves are connected to the main shaftli by cranks which are set 180 apart. Consequently the valves are oper-j ated to produce a power stroke for'each of saidpistons on each complete rotation of the main shaft. p

..The valve groove 37 of a tube 33 const1- tutes the sole control of the admission of the air through the port 21 into the com press1on chamber and the valve groove .43 constitutes the sole control for the discharge of the burnt gases from the combus- ,tlon chamber. The valve grooves39 and ll,

however, do not constitute the sole control for the discharge of the compressed air from the compression chamber and the admission of the compressed air to the combustion chamber. The auxiliary valve cooperates with the main valve to accomplish this purpose. To this end said auxiliary valve is provided with a circumferential groove 63 (Fig. 2) substantially opposite to the main valve compressedair discharge groove 39' and the circumferential groove'oo substantially opposite the admission valve groove d1. As stated, the auxlhary valve ISIGClPl'O- cated by acrankon the valveshaft. This crank is set at from the crank for operat ng one of the 1na1n valves. Consequently the auxiliary valve will reciprocate differed tially from the main valve. By thls arrangement the main valve will move to a position for opening the compressed air discharge port 23 and the admission port 25 leading to'the combustion chamber before the movement of the auxiliary valve to bring its ports 63 and 65 in position to complete the o enin Thus the time of the o enin b b as described isa very advantageous construction for, among other reasons, it euables a' short over-all engine construction which will readily fit within the hood of a motor car, and admission of the air to the compression chamber and the exhaust of burnt "gases from the combustion chamber may be controlled by a slide valve movement which is independent of the controlling of the compressed, air discharge portend the compressed air admission port. The valves may be timed to maintain them substantially wide open a sufiicient length of time to permit the admission and discharge of full charges.

Next will be described the construction for admitting air'and'gasolene or other fuel to the engine. The air is admitted through the interior of the tubular slide valves described. This serves the desirable dual function of. cooling the valves and raising the temperature of the admitted air. To accom-' plish-this a header 67 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) isconnectcd to the top of the valve containing valve casing 29, referred to. Depending from the lower wall of the header 67 are-sleeves 69 fitting within and extending nearly the length ofthe tubular valves and having their lower ends closed by plugs '71.

These sleeves are not fitted ti htly within the valve tubes, but they have 55 free sliding fit. They are utilized to conduct oil to lubricate the inner surfaces of the valve-tube receiving cylinders 31. To facilitate this the upper ends of the valve-tubes are counterbored to present funnel-like recesses 73' in which oil may be introduced by a forced will gravitate downward between the valve tubes and the sleeves 69 and be conducted thence to the inner surfaces of the cylinders 31 through ducts 75 distributed at approprifeed in any appropriate manner. This oil 7 ate intervals in said tubes." This is an adv vantageous construction since the oil may be fed to the surfaces through 'a cooler path than if conducted through the hot walls of the working cylinders.

Depending from the upper wall of the header 67 are sleeves 77 smaller in diameter than the sleeves69 referred to, thereby providing an annular passage between them. The sleeves 7 7 are open at their upper ends and at their lower ends, the latter terminat-- ing short distancesfrom the plugs 71 which close the lower ends of the sleeves 69.

On the suction strokes of the air compressing pistons 11 air will be drawn from the outside atmosphere downwardly into the sleeves 77, thence upward through the annular spaces between the sleeves 77' and 69 to the chamber within the header 67. It is con ducted thence through a passage in a casting 79 (Fig. '6) fastened to the valve casing 29 The air is'conducted thence into a passage 81 (F 1) leading to the main valve circumferential groove 37 which controls the of the engine in a similar manner to thatjust' described. y

Toaegniate the quantity. of air admitted a-yalve 83 (Fig. 6) isintroducedin the passageinthe-casting 79. This valve. as

shownherein is inthe form of a Vane mounted on a shaft 85 1ournaled1n bearings in the castingz'l't) and adapted to be rocked tovary-the: opening of the valve'by acrank S7 connectedbyia-link S9 with a-roeking lever 91 fu-lcrumed. intermediate its ends on a shaft93 suitably mounted on a bracket connected to the. engine. The lever 91' has an-uppe-r freeend which serves as a followerfor-a-ram 95; (Fig, 13.) splinedzon a throttle" shaft 97 which may be. turned and. held .111

different positions. of adjustment by a toothed segment99 fast on said shaft and a. worm 9 having a hand wheel-9 The cant may bevariously formed. asrequired.v -As shown herein it is arranged to rock-the lever 91: slightly on initial contra-clockwise movement of the cam and to a greater ex tent in .the course. of further. rocking. movement. of said cam in the same direction.

Since the air supplied to the compression.

tons air'is drawn into the compression chamber and on each upward movement of said pistons the air is compressed and forced outward through the. discharge ports "93as. controlled by the main and auxlllary' valve grooves 39 and 63... The air is conducted: from said compression chambers through a passage 1.01 (Figs 3 and conveniently. formed in the manifold 29'. The

passage 101 communicates with a chamber t and 5) which serves as a res-.

ervoir for receifing the. compressed air. The compressed air is conducted from this reservoir through a passagezl05 alsoiormed in the manifold 29 to mixing chambers 107 i which communicate with the grooves 65 and +1 of the differential and Hlitlll valves for controlling the admission of the explosive mixture through the ports 25 into the com:-

' bastion chambers of the cylinders.

Next will be described the meansdor sup.-

plying the gasolene or other fuel to the mixchambersl07. To accomplish thlS'IlOZf zlcs 109 are introdiued into said chambers.

As shown herein they are fan-shaped, flar- 'ing inwardly toward the auxiliary valves.

' Siuhstantially centraliyi-ofithe nozzle is an air inlet .115 I for. a purposeto betdescribed. To supply gasolene to these nozzles they are. connected by branch pipes 11:? (Fig, witl'ian outletr1l9of as'pum-p v121: (Fig, 6) adapte ed to receive gasolene through an ,inletr1-23 at the. lower. endof. said. pump, from a. tank or other appropriate source oi; supplyiun-r necessaryrte.showherein;- Th'sspumpcomprises --a cylinder having a I closed lower end and an upper end-r'eceiv-' ing .a head 125. secured thereto. Depending ,i'rom' said headis a cylmder-i127 anchpro jectingupward' from -theflower ends-of the cylinder is awcylinder. 129. The upperlcyl inder; has. a stuifi-ng bOX131- and the lower cylinder has a smiling-box .133. On the outer end-of'theheadl125 are paiivof stufiingi boxes 135 and .137 to prevent any possibility'of leakage from the'scylinder 127. A plunger 139:1'eciprocates in the cylinders- 12.7 and l29ja-nd vis formed. .to, present a solid reduced end 141 1 0]? the lower cylinder and a reduced. portion 143: providing.anannularspace between. it and the cylinder 127,1iav ingya cross sectional area substantially equal to the cross. sectional area of the bore of the lower cylinder.-129.

The upper cylinder has an inlet port 146 communicating with the interior .i? the iu-m )cas-inw anctra discharqe ion/147 com F inunicatingwith the outl'etllS), referredto.

The lower cylinder has an inlet port 149 con nnunicating with. the interior of the pump casingv and a dischargeport 151.com-

mun-icating with a pipe .153 connected to the; delivery p-1pe119. The ports for-the cylins ders are provided with usual; ball: check valves 'which' are} normally held on? their seats by; gravity. The plunger 139 -is connected by a rod-155 with a. lever- 157 fulcrumed. intermediate its. ends onua pin 159 projecting from the engine casing- One end of the lever 15'? is connected by a rod 16-1 witlra-neccentric-163 fast on. the valve sh'a-ift53', referred :to. v

By the pump construction described the rotation of the valve shaft will operatethroughitheeccentric anchthe connectionsdescribed and thereby impart reciprocation to the. pump plunger 13-9. hen this plunger moves upward it will automatically open the valve to the inlet port 149" of the lower cylinder and draw gasolene from the pump easing into the lower cylinder. hen the-plunger moves downward the gasolene thus drawn in the pump will be forcedoutward through the port 151 past the check valve therein, through the pipe 153, thence through theoutlet 119 and pipes 117-tothe n0ZZles:109.'

When the pump moves downward it also draws from the pump casing -a:-supply of gasolenewpast thecheck. valve'through the inlet port'ls fi for theiup'per; cylinder and. intov the annular;spacez-thereimx- Vilhen the;-

plunger moves upward the gasolene in said space will be forced out through the discharge port 147 past the valve therein and thence through the pipes 119 and 117 to the operates continuously to deliver gasoleneto' the nozzles; v

' The gasolene receiving spaces'm the upper and lower cylinders of the pump are of a predetermined size-designed to deliver pre- 7 determined charges of the fuel to' the nozzles. The volume of these charges, however, will depend'upon the length of the stroke of the pump plunger. Means is provided for varying the stroke of said plunger according to the supply desired. To'accomplish this the rod 155 (Fig. 6) is adjustably connected to the lever 157 to vary its distance from the fulcrum 159 of the latter. As shown herein, the rod 155 is connected to a cross-head 165 adapted to'slide in a guideway 16'? formed in said lever. This cross head is connected by, a link 169 with a crank 171 fast on the throttle shaft 97 referred to.

When the throttle shaft is rocked to ad just the air valve 83, it will also adjust the head 165 and thereby vary the distance of said head from the lever fulcrum 159 and vary the length of the pump stroke. The

7 connections to 'the air valve and the connections to the pump may be designed and shaft 97 By adjustingthe cam longitudinally of said shaft its effect on the air valve To permit this adjustment said cam is formed to present a obviously will be varied.

boss 173having a groove 175 therein receiving the forked end of a crank 177 adapted to be operated and held in difierent'p'o'sr tions by a handle 179. By the construction described gasolene a compressed air are delivered to the mixing chambers 107. The rir in the course of its transit to these chamhers becames heat d first in the source of i s cooling the valve tubes and second by 'virture of its compression. The slug of' gasolene contain d ineach nozzle is not at once vaporized by thisheated air, however, since the compression ofthe'latter causes the g olene to remain in liquid form. As

soon as the admission valve to a combustion chamber is opened the pressure of the air falls somewhat owing to the lower pressure ,valve groove 65.

in said chamber. This causes the air to rush from the mixing chambers toward the combustion chamber and simultaneously with the reduction in pressure referred to the slug of gasolenein the nozzle vaporizes and is disseminated into the air producing an excellent thorough mixture. The nozzles extend into the discharge passages of the mixing chambers and block the same some what, which, combined with the contraction of said passages, tend to increase the velocity of the compressed air in its passage therethrough. .The air sweeping past the nozzles at high speed'on the opening of communication to the combustion chambers causes they air to suck out of said nozzles the slugs of ga-solene therein. Merely a quantity equal tothe volume of the nozzle is withdrawn To insure this the air inlet 115 referred to for the nozzle is provided. This permits the air to enter the nozzle back of the portion thereof containing the discharge perforations and thus theair cleans the gasolene out of the portion of the nozzle forward of said inlet. 7

From the above discussion it is thought the operation of the engine will be apparent. As stated, as shown herein it is of the two stroke cycle type so that each piston has a power stroke for each complete rotation of the crank shaft. 7

The engine maybeprovided with appropriate water jacket passages 185, 187 and 189 for cooling the same.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12, the cycle of operations of the piston for one of the cylinders and its valveswill be described. In Fig. 9 the pisston is shown at the upward limit of its stroke. The main valve groove 41 is in communication with the port 25 but is closed from communication with the auxiliary The compressed mixture in the combustion chamber is then exploded and the piston moves downward and effects a power stroke. In Fig. 10 the piston is shown half way in its downward movement. In the meantime it has uncovered theinner end of the exhaust port 27 andwhen near the end of its stroke will permit the escape of the burnt gases through the main valvegroove 43. Also the piston has uncovered the air inlet port'21 and the main valve groove 37 has been brought in registration with said port, permitting air to be drawn into the compression chamber.

In Fig 11 the piston is shown in the downward limit of its stroke. The main piston groove 37 is now closed from the inlet port 21'and the main and auxiliary valve grooves 39 and 63 are in communication with the discharge port 23. The exhaust port is still open. The piston now moves upwardly to the position shown in Fig. 12, thereby compressing and forcing out bers.

:rgaagoro the air from the compression chamber through the port'23. The main and'au-xiliary valves are about to move downward so that when the piston reaches tlie topof the exhaust port 27 the main and auxiliary valves are open and a-c'hargeof compressed air with gasolene mixed therewith is admitted into the combustion chamber. Then the piston moves on'past the top of the exhaust port 27"tothe upper limit of its stroke as shown in *Fig. -9. In the course of this movement it further compresses th-echarge which has been' -admitted nto the combustion chamber andicompensates for-any loss of compression which may have resulted from the passage of the compressed air into -theconibustion chamber. r

' I-laving' describedone illustrative embodiment-of the invention without limiting-the same thereto, -Wh21i3'i["Cl2t-lm as neW'and-desire to secure by Letters 5 Patent is;

1. An internal combustion engine "comprising in combination, a pair of cylinders, each cylinder *havin'g compression and combustion chambers therein and provided with inlet anddischarge ports for each-compression "chamber, and admission and exhaust ports for each combustion chamber, a piston in each cylmderfa valve for each cylinder adapted "to control the exhaust from-each combustion chamber and the dmission to eachcofnp'ression chamber, andan auxiliary valve 'member adapted to cooperate with said "firstmentioned valves 'to control the passage of fluid from said compression chambers-to the respective combustion cham- 2. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a pair of cylinders 'havingexhaus't and admission ports therein,

pistons -for said cylinders, a main val-veitor each of said cylindersgadapted to control *sa'idexhaust port, and a mechanically operated auxiliary valve member cooperating with both of said main valves for controlling said admission port. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a pair ol eylinders "having compression and combustion "chanr 6 5 ports, "andan'mdfliary pis'ton vatlve rnmber cooperating with both of said nl'airipiston valves -for 'controlling said discharge and admission-ports. f I

5. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a cylinder having compression and combustion chambers, storage chamber communicating With said compression and combustion chambersfinlet and discharge ports for said compression chamber and admission and exhaust ports for the combustionchamber, and a pair of d-ifl'erent ially movable tubes ha ving sets of circumferential"grooves therein for controllingfthe passage of compressed fluid-to the storage chamber and thejp as'sa'ge of the compressed fluid from the storage the combustion'chamber. I

6, An internal combustion engine comprising -a-cy'li nder having ports therein, a manifold communicating vv-ith the .cylinder, Ia :piston.in the:cylinder,:means i'for conftrolling the ports including an elongated tubular valve having, partition 'means therein extending "substantially the' l'ength of the valve for conducting "a cooling :medium therethrough :to' said :manifo] d and cylinder. 7. An internal combustion engine v{comprising a cylinder having ports therein, a piston 'inzsaid cylinder, and'imeans :for' controlling the aports including a fhollow' va'lve,

chamber to and meansior conducting airto thecylinder longitudinally first downward and then up- Wa rd through the interior :o'f the valve. Y

8. -An internal combustion engine 'comprising a cylinder having ports therein and compression and combustion chambers, pis- :to'n' means for thecylinder, means for controlling the portslinclu'ding an elongated tubularvalve, and a tube therein i-fonming passages 'for conducting fluid :to lthe compression'chamber longitudinally in each di- ;rection through the valve. I I I 9. An internal -combustion engine comprising a cylinder having portstherein, piston meansfor said cylinder, :and means ifor controlling saidrports including cooperating main and auxiliary 'illlblllal valve members, and means providing passages Within and extending longitudinally of each of -sa'id ymembers :for conducting fluid-to the engine.

"10; An internal-combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, their ports and pistons, a valve 'casing adjacentsaid cylinders, a=series of hollow elongated valve members in said casing for controlling the ports,"a plurality of tubular membersprojecti'ng into each of i said hollow elongated valve members' for' conducting .fl'u-idtothe ;cy1i-nders longitudinallythrough said hollow valve member-sf e 1 1'; An "internal combustion engine gc'olnprising inrombinat ion, a cylinder having 'c mr l n combus mn chambers; a piston 'fo e yl n 'a. reservoirrpassage r'c nfliietingeom iesseanaianem said compression chamber to said reservoir, passage means for conducting fluid from said reservoir to said combustionchamber, means for controlling said passages, including a valve and a tube therein forming passages for conducting fluid to the compression Chamber. 7 3

12. An internalv combustion engine comprising in combination, a cylinder, a piston working therein, means connected with said piston to supply compressed fluid,means to regulate the supply of fluid to said, com

pressed fluid supply means, means to furnish a continuous supply ofr-fuel,;mea'ns for mixing said fuel and compressed fluid, and

means for supplying the compressed mixtureiof fluid and fuel to the cylinder.

13. An internal combustion engine com rprlslng in combinatlon, a cylmder, a piston 1 a and compressed fluid, and means for supplying the compressed mixture of fluid and fuel to the cylinder. i V 14. An internal combustion engine com working therein, meansyto supply,,co1npressed fluid, means forregulatingthe amount of fluid supplied to saidcompressed fluid supplying means, means to furnish a continuous supply of fuel, means for regulating the -amount'offuel supplied, means for mixing said fuel and compressed fluid, and means for' supplyin'g the compressed mixture of fluid and fuel to the cylinder;

15. ,An internal combustion engine comprisingin combination, a cylinder, a piston therein, means forlsupplying compressed fluid, means for: regulating the amount of fluid supplied, meansfor supplying a continuous supply of fuel, means for regulat =m the amount'of fuel sosupplied, means for mixing said fuel and compressed; fluid, means" for supplying the compressed mixtureof fluid and fueltorthe cylinder, and means for simultaneously varying in apredetermined ratio the supply of fluid and fuel. 16. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a cylinder, a :piston therein, means for supplying compressed fluid, means for regulating the amount of fluidsupplied, means for, supplying a con tinuous supply .of fuel, means for regulating the amount of fuel sosupplied, means for mixing said fuel and compressed fluid, 1

means for supplying the compressed mixture of fluid and, fuel to the cylindeiymeans for simultaneously varying in a predetermined ratio the supply of fluid and fuel andmeans to vary the said ratioof flu dand fuel. 7

17. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a plurality of cyl inders having compression and combustion chambers, pistons for saidcylinders, a casing adjacent the cylinders, a reservoir, passage means for conducting fluid from the compressionchambers to the reservoir, passage means for conducting fluidfrom the reservoir tothe combustion chambers, tubular valves adapted to reciprocate in the easing for controlling the passage of fluid to and from the cylinders, sleeves projecting into the tubular valves, ports in the sleeves, and means for delivering lubricating oil between thevalves and sleeves and outward -.m eans to furnish a' continuous supply of fuel, means for mixing the fuel and compressed fluid, means for supplying the mix- .tureof compressed fluid and fuel to the cyl- JHClGI', means for regulatlng'the amount of fuel supplied, and means for varying in a predetermined ratlo the amountof compressed fluid and fuel supplied. prising in combination, a cylinder, a piston 19. Aninternal combustion engine; comprising, in combination, acylmder,a piston compressed fluid'to the reservoir, aipassage for conducting the fluid from the reservoirto the cylinder, fuel forcing meansfor furnishing a continuous supply of fuel to said passage, means for mixing the fuel and compressed fluid, and means for regulating the sage for conducting'fluid from the-compression chamber to the reservoir, a passage for conducting flu1d from the reservolr to the combustion chamber, a tubularslide valve for controlling the passage-- of fluid, and

means for conducting lubricatingoil to the exterior surface of the valve including a tube pro ectlng into the, valve.

21. An internal combustion engine comprising 1n comb1nat1on, a plurallty of cyl- .inders, pistons therefoig means for supplyng compressed fluid, means to furnish a continuous supply of fuel, means for mixing the compressed fluid and fuel, and means 1n- ,cluding cooperating slide valves for supplying the mixture of compressed fluid and fuel to each of the cylinders.

prising in combination, a plurality ofcyl- Qinders,pistons therefor, means forsupplying compressed fluid, fuel forcing means for vit,furnishing ar continuous supply of fuel,

therein, a reservoir, means for supplying v 1 25 22..An internal combustion. engine oomprising in combination, a plurality of cylinders, pistons Working therein, means for supplying compressed fluid, single ClOllblG' acting fuel forcing means for furnishing a continuous supply of fuel, means for mixing the compressed fluid and fuel, and means for supplying the mixture of compressed fluid and fuel to the cylinders.

2&. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a plurality of cylinders, pistons Working therein, means connected With each of said pistons for supplying compressed fluid to a common container, fuel forcing means for furnishing a continuous supply of fuel, means for mixing the compressed fluid and fuel, means for supplying the mixture of compressed fluid and fuel to the cylinders, means to regulate the amount of fuel supplied, and means for varying in apredetermined ratio the amount of compressed fluid and fuel supplied to the cylinders.

25. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a plurality of cylinders, pistons working in said cylinders, means for supplying compressed fluid, means for furnishing a'continuous supply of fuel, means for mixing the compressedfluid and fuel, a throttling valve for regulating the amount of fluid supplied, means for regulating the amount of fuel supplied,

means for varying in a predetermined ratio the amount of compressed fluid and fuel supplied to the cylinders, and means for varying said ratio.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GEORGE L. BADGER.

\Vitnesses:

HENRY T. WILLIAMS, VEVERETT S. EMERY. 

